Ramadan is the ninth month of the Islamic lunar calendar, observed by Muslims worldwide as a month of fasting, prayer, reflection, and community. It commemorates the first revelation of the Quran to Prophet Muhammad, according to Islamic belief. During Ramadan, Muslims fast from dawn (Suhoor) until sunset (Iftar), abstaining from food, drink, smoking, and other physical needs. Fasting during Ramadan is one of the Five Pillars of Islam and is obligatory for adult Muslims, with exemptions for certain groups like children, the elderly, pregnant or nursing women, travelers, and those who are ill. The fast is broken each evening with a meal called Iftar, often beginning with the eating of dates and followed by a larger meal with family and friends. Ramadan is also a time for increased prayer, reading of the Quran, acts of charity, and strengthening of community ties. The month concludes with the celebration of Eid al-Fitr, a festive day marked by special prayers, feasting, and the giving of gifts.
